pheromone

[ fer-uh-mohn ]
/ ˈfɛr əˌmoʊn /

noun Animal Behavior.

any chemical substance released by an animal that serves to influence the physiology or behavior of other members of the same species.

Origin of pheromone

1959; < Greek phér(ein) to bear, bring + -o- + (hor)mone

OTHER WORDS FROM pheromone

pher·o·mo·nal, adjective

Example sentences from the Web for pheromones

British Dictionary definitions for pheromones

pheromone
/ (ˈfɛrəˌməʊn) /

noun

a chemical substance, secreted externally by certain animals, such as insects, affecting the behaviour or physiology of other animals of the same species

Word Origin for pheromone

C20: phero-, from Greek pherein to bear + ( hor) mone

Medical definitions for pheromones

pheromone
[ fĕrə-mōn′ ]

n.

A chemical that is secreted by an animal, especially an insect, and that influences the behavior or development of others of the same species.

Scientific definitions for pheromones

pheromone
[ fĕrə-mōn′ ]

A chemical secreted by an animal that influences the behavior or development of other members of the same species. Queen bees, for example, give off a pheromone that prevents other females in the hive from becoming sexually mature, with the result that only the queen bee mates and lays eggs. In many animal species, pheromones are used to establish territory and attract mates.

A Closer Look

The release of pheromones is one of various forms of nonverbal communication many animals use to transmit messages to other members of the same species. The complex molecular structure of pheromones allows these chemical messages to contain a great deal of often very specific information. The pheromone released by sexually receptive silkworm moths, first isolated in the 1950s, is one of the best-studied examples. The pheromone bombykol, released by the female from a gland in her belly, is detectable by male silkworm moths up to several kilometers away. The male identifies the chemical in the environment with tiny receptors at the tip of his antennae and is then able to hone in on the female. Hornets, when disturbed, release an alarm pheromone that calls other hornets to their aid. Female mice pheromones may excite a male mouse to mate immediately. In addition to producing instinctive behavioral responses, pheromones can also produce changes in an animal's physiology, spurring the onset of puberty or bringing on estrus. Pheromones used by animals, such as cats and dogs, to mark territory can convey information about an animal's species, gender, age, social and reproductive status, size, and even when it was last in the area. But can humans communicate via chemicals, too? In the 1970s Martha McClintock showed that the menstrual cycles of women living closely together in dormitories tended to become synchronized, an effect thought by some to be mediated by pheromones. Despite such evidence, no pheromone receptors have yet been found in humans.

Cultural definitions for pheromones

pheromones
[ (fer-uh-mohns) ]

Small molecules that, when released by one organism, act as chemical signals to induce a certain behavior in another organism. Scents that attract animals to each other in a mating process are an example of pheromones.